1.一般情况下,直接加-ing:如:go—going
answer—answering
study—studying
be—being
see—seeing
[注一]和名词复数、一般现在时动词第三人称单数加-s(-es)不同,动词末尾如为“辅音字母+y”时,y不变,其后直接加ing。如:study—studying
fly—flying
carry—carrying
[注二]动词结尾为辅音字母r时,加-ing,r在此必须发音。
如:water—wateringanswer—answeringwear—wearing
2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e,再加ing如:
come—coming
write—writing
take—taking
become—becoming
3.动词是闭音节的单音节词,或是以重读闭音节结尾的多音节词,而末尾只有一个辅音字母时,这个辅音字母须双写,然后再加ing。如:sit—sitting
run—running
stop—stopping
begin—beginning
admit—admitting
forget—forgetting
[注一]send,think,accept等动词虽是闭音节或以重读闭音节结尾,但末尾有一个以上的辅音字母,因此,这个辅音字母不双写,应直接加ing。
如:sendingthinkingaccepting
4.少数几个以-ie结尾的动词,须将ie变作y,再加ing。
如:die—dying
tie—tying
lie—lying躺,说谎
5.少数以-c结尾的动词变为现在分词时和过去式,须先将-c变为ck,然后再加-ing或-ed。如:picnic—picnicking(picnicked)
traffic—trafficking(trafficked)